The  American Psychology Association (APA) defines anxiety as a mental state characterized by feelings of unease, worry, or fear. Though anxiety is a natural part of our lives, chronic anxiety can disrupt daily life.

In the short term, nicotine is often used as a  stress reliever or to improve focus. Nicotine consumption stimulates the release of  dopamine , AKA the “feel-good” hormone, which temporarily improves mood and focus. However, as the effects wear off, stress and anxiety frequently return — sometimes more intensely — leading to a cycle of  nicotine dependency as users try to manage emotional lows.

Over time, nicotine use can cause lasting damage to the brain and body.  Studies show it may impair memory, disrupt sleep, and potentially worsen anxiety disorders. Long-term use may also lead to  nicotine dependence . Dependence can develop as the brain starts relying on nicotine for balance, leading to withdrawal symptoms like irritability, restlessness, and heightened anxiety when nicotine levels drop.

Nicotine triggers the release of  dopamine and serotonin , key neurotransmitters that regulate mood and emotions. Dopamine creates a sense of pleasure and reward, while serotonin (also known as the “happy” hormone) helps, which is responsible for regulating mood and emotions. When exposed to nicotine over a long period, the brain begins to experience a  craving-and-withdrawal effect , which can eventually turn into nicotine dependency. This dependency can lead to a cycle where nicotine is needed for emotional stability and where absence can create mood swings and heightened anxiety.

Nicotine also activates the body’s fight-or-flight response by stimulating the autonomic nervous system . This triggers adrenaline release , raising heart rate and blood pressure. While this temporary boost may feel energizing, it adds stress to the body. Over time, frequent activation of this mechanism can heighten feelings of tension and unease, which can contribute to long-term anxiety issues.

When nicotine levels drop, withdrawal symptoms like irritability, restlessness, and heightened stress emerge. The brain struggles to balance neurotransmitters without nicotine, intensifying anxiety. This withdrawal-driven discomfort reinforces the urge to consume nicotine, which perpetuates a harmful cycle of dependency.

The link between nicotine use and anxiety is a bit of a chicken-and-egg scenario.

Research suggests that individuals with anxiety or depression are  significantly more likely to use nicotine as a way to relieve stress from overwhelming emotions. Nicotine’s quick release of dopamine can temporarily improve mood, which gives the illusion of control over anxiety. With repeated use,  nicotine and anxiety start feeding into each other.

In a way, nicotine use is both a symptom and a cause of anxiety.

Yes,  vaping  can contribute to anxiety due to the effects of nicotine on the brain and body. Even though vaping is marketed as a “safer” alternative to smoking, many vape products still contain nicotine. Just like with cigarettes, vaping can lead to  nicotine dependency and withdrawal symptoms  such as irritability, restlessness, and anxiety.

Another concerning aspect of vaping is its  accessibility among the youth . Since it’s marketed with a wide range of enticing flavors and designs, vaping is more appealing to the younger crowd. This makes them more vulnerable to the risks of nicotine dependence and anxiety at an earlier age.

Many people turn to nicotine because it’s a quick way to  relieve stress . Just a few puffs can trigger feelings of relief and relaxation. Instant gratification makes it an easy go-to during stressful moments, even though the effects are short-lived.

Over time, regular nicotine use often leads to dependence and increased tolerance. The brain begins to rely on nicotine for emotional stability, requiring higher amounts to achieve the same relief. This cycle of dependency and withdrawal can worsen stress and anxiety between uses, which makes quitting even harder.

Another reason nicotine remains a go-to is its accessibility and affordability. Compared to stress-relief options like therapy or exercise, nicotine products are convenient and easy to obtain. This convenience can make them more appealing despite healthier alternatives providing more effective and longer-lasting changes.

Quitting vaping isn’t easy– especially when you do it alone. Jones FDA-approved  NRT mints  and  app  can support your journey with judgment-free, personalized guidance.

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